Digital-based learning in early childhood education: Implications for preschool reading skill development

Abstract

This study is a systematic review that synthesized previously published literature to determine the implications of digital-based learning on preschool children for reading development. Digital technologies have been rapidly integrated into early learning environments, changing preschool education practices. Digital media learning tools are commonly used to promote emergent literacy, but the evidence regarding their efficacy is mixed. But ongoing debates continue over screen time, developmentally appropriate use, the wide variation in quality of digital tools, and the role of adults as mediators. In highlighting these challenges, a synthesis that provides balance and clarity on the current state of understanding is necessary to inform evidence-informed practice. Methods user a narrative review approach Utilizing Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC and Google Scholar, major electronic databases, to identify relevant literature. Research papers types are peer-reviewed empirical studies, reviews and theoretical papers in English and publication between 2010–2024 to ensure comprehensive coverage, we also reviewed reference lists from key articles. A thorough literature review was conducted, followed by thematic synthesis methods to uncover patterns, trends, and gaps. According to the review result, digital-based learning can provide developmentally appropriate support for some foundational reading skills especially phonological awareness, letter recognition, and vocabulary when tools are developmentally appropriate and supplemental to traditional instruction. Teacher guidance and parental involvement are strong determinants of outcomes. Nonetheless, evidence is heterogeneous and methodological shortcomings remain frequent. This review represents a sophisticated contribution to the understanding of the potential benefits of digital–assisted preschool reading development and highlights the necessity for careful research and structured deployment.