Penghayatan nilai sosial dalam hadis Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī sebagai asas pembinaan tamadun rahmah

Abstract

The Prophetic Sunnah (al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah) constitutes the second primary source of Islamic law, serving not only as an elucidation of the Qurʾān but also as a repository of ethical and social values that shape human social life. Within the scholarly tradition of ḥadīth studies, attention to the deeper meanings and wisdom embedded in the Prophetic traditions has often been expressed through approaches of istinbāṭ (deductive inference) and through careful consideration of the maqāṣid (higher objectives) and ethical dimensions reflected in authentic narrations. In this regard, the present study examines the appreciation and internalization of social values contained in the ḥadīths of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī as a foundation for the construction of a society grounded in the concept of a compassionate civilization (tamadun raḥmah). Methodologically, this research adopts a qualitative thematic analysis of socially oriented ḥadīths compiled in this seminal work, with particular reference to authoritative classical commentaries of ḥadīth scholars, especially Fatḥ al-Bārī by Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī. Through these sources, the study seeks to explore the dimensions of meaning, ethical values, and social guidance embedded within the selected narrations. The analysis focuses on several central values, including raḥmah (compassion), taʿāwun (mutual assistance), ukhuwwah (brotherhood), social justice, and the preservation of human dignity—principles that form the foundation of societal well-being within the framework of Islamic civilization. The findings indicate that the authentic ḥadīths preserved in the compilation of Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Bukhārī do not merely record juristic rulings (aḥkām fiqhiyyah), but also articulate comprehensive social principles that contribute to the formation of a morally grounded and civilized society. When understood through the methodological lens of the muḥaddithūn and applied contextually, these values possess significant potential to serve as guiding principles for the development of a compassionate, balanced, and just society in the face of contemporary challenges, including modernization and globalization. Consequently, a deeper engagement with the social values embedded in authentic ḥadīth literature should be strengthened as a vital intellectual foundation in efforts to cultivate a sustainable civilization inspired by the principle of raḥmatan li al-ʿālamīn.