The influence of sustainable supply chain management practices, supply chain digital innovation and big data analytics capability on sustainable organizational performance: The mediating role of competitive advantage in Malaysia's manufacturing industry

Abstract

This conceptual paper develops an integrated framework explaining how sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices, supply chain digital innovation (SCDI), and big data analytics capability (BDAC) may enhance sustainable organizational performance through competitive advantage in Malaysia’s manufacturing industry. The paper responds to a fragmented literature in which sustainability practices, digital innovation, and analytics capabilities are frequently examined in isolation, while the strategic mechanism that converts these capabilities into multidimensional performance remains insufficiently specified. Following a theory-synthesis approach, the framework integrates the dynamic capability view as the primary explanatory lens with the resource-based view, natural resource-based view, stakeholder theory, and the triple bottom line perspective. The proposed model argues that SSCM practices create efficiency, legitimacy, and relational value; SCDI strengthens visibility, connectivity, and adaptive coordination; and BDAC improves sensing, prediction, and evidence-based resource reconfiguration. These capabilities are expected to contribute to sustainable organizational performance when they are transformed into competitive advantages such as cost efficiency, quality, innovation, responsiveness, reliable delivery, and market reputation. Seven propositions are developed, comprising four direct relationships and three indirect relationships through competitive advantage. The paper contributes by positioning competitive advantage as a strategic conversion mechanism that links sustainable and digital supply chain capabilities to economic, environmental, social, and operational outcomes. It also provides a context-sensitive research agenda for future empirical testing among Malaysian manufacturing firms.