Forecasting water pollution: An Islamic educational perspective for sustainable development and management

Abstract

Water contamination is a serious global problem, threatening ecosystems, public health, and long-term sustainability. Industrial development, rapid urban expansion, and agriculture continue to speed up the degradation of water quality. Though regulatory frameworks and technological solutions are widely accepted, moral values and education-based interventions are also important for promoting environmentally friendly behaviors. Environmental care, thus from an Islamic angle, is rooted in human responsibility and moral accountability. Water is an essential and life-sustaining resource that should be protected and utilized responsibly. This conceptual paper aims to explore on integrating Islamic environmental ethics and education to promote awareness and responsible water management practices. It additionally presents a forecasting approach through Type 2 Fuzzy Time Series (T2FTS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques that are specifically developed for spatial-temporal analysis of water pollution. It is centered on major Islamic concepts like khilafah (stewardship), amanah (trust), mizan (balance), and the prohibition of fasad (corruption). Such values, pedagogical methods, and predictive models are anticipated to influence and promote sustainable environmental behavior for sustainable water management and global sustainability targets.