Zakat distribution to the poor and needy: Issues and challenges faced by Lembaga Zakat Negeri Kedah (LZNK)

Abstract

This study examines the issues and challenges in the implementation of zakat distribution to the poor and needy by Lembaga Zakat Negeri Kedah (LZNK). The primary objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the zakat distribution mechanism, with a particular focus on how funds are collected, managed, and allocated to eligible recipients. By analyzing the operational framework of LZNK, the study identifies key weaknesses in zakat management, specifically bureaucratic inefficiencies that hinder timely and effective distribution to the intended beneficiaries. A qualitative research design was employed to capture in-depth perspectives from key stakeholders. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with selected LZNK officers to explore administrative practices, decision-making processes, and on-the-ground implementation. This approach also enabled the researcher to examine the socio-economic factors influencing zakat distribution and to identify specific operational challenges faced by amil (zakat administrators). The findings reveal several critical barriers to effective zakat distribution, including bureaucratic delays, low awareness among potential recipients, and negative public perceptions regarding zakat governance. These obstacles reduce the overall impact of zakat as a social welfare instrument. The study emphasizes the importance of adopting strategic improvements, such as leveraging technology for more efficient outreach, enhancing transparency in financial management, and strengthening community engagement initiatives. By addressing these challenges, this research contributes to the broader discourse on the role of zakat in poverty alleviation and social justice. It highlights the need for institutional reforms to improve the efficiency, accountability, and effectiveness of zakat distribution, thereby enhancing its socio-economic impact in Kedah.