The impact of age, working tenure and gender on organizational citizenship behavior at technical and vocational education and training’s teachers in Malaysia

Abstract

Organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) plays a pivotal role in driving continuous growth and development within organizations. Its importance is particularly evident in the education sector, where practicing OCB can significantly improve the quality of education. Although previous studies have examined the factors influencing OCB in Malaysia, its application within the education sector remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the impact of teachers' age, working tenure, and gender on OCB in Malaysian technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions. Using a convenient sample of 425 teachers from 70 vocational colleges across Peninsular Malaysia, the findings indicate that age, tenure and gender have a significant effect on OCB. These results highlight the need to consider teacher demographics in understanding the dynamics of OCB. This study provides a valuable foundation for future research exploring the relationship between teacher demographics and OCB. Furthermore, it offers critical insights for managers and leaders in the public education sector, particularly within TVET institutions, to enhance teachers' effectiveness and efficiency through targeted strategies.